Arthroscopy

What is Arthroscopy?

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to diagnose and treat problems inside a joint. A small camera, called an arthroscope, is inserted through a tiny incision, allowing the surgeon to view the joint on a screen and perform repairs using specialized instruments. Arthroscopy is commonly performed on the knee, shoulder, hip, ankle, elbow, and wrist.

Why arthroscopy may be recommended

Arthroscopy may be considered for patients with:

• Joint pain or swelling that does not improve with nonsurgical care
• Torn cartilage or ligaments
• Joint instability
• Limited range of motion
• Mechanical symptoms such as locking or catching

It may be used both to diagnose joint conditions and to treat them.

How the procedure works

During arthroscopy:

• Small incisions are made around the joint.
• An arthroscope is inserted to visualize the joint.
• Surgical instruments are used to repair or remove damaged tissue.
• The incisions are closed with sutures or adhesive strips.

Because the incisions are small, arthroscopy generally causes less tissue disruption than open surgery.

Potential benefits

Arthroscopy may offer:

• Smaller incisions
• Less postoperative pain
• Faster recovery compared with open surgery
• Improved joint function
• Accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment

Outcomes depend on the joint involved and the condition being treated.

Recovery — what to expect

Recovery varies based on the joint and procedure performed. Many patients:

• Go home the same day
• Begin gentle movement soon after surgery
• Immediately start physical therapy
• Pain management
• Functional retraining for activities of daily living
• Strength, flexibility, and conditioning training
• Gradually return to normal activities over weeks to months

Your provider will give specific guidance based on your procedure.

Risks and possible complications

Possible risks include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Stiffness
• Blood clots
• Nerve or blood vessel injury (rare)

Your surgeon will discuss individual risks prior to surgery.

Related Conditions

• Meniscus tears
• Rotator cuff injuries
• Ligament injuries
• Cartilage damage
• Joint arthritis

Related Procedures / Treatments

• Ligament reconstruction
• Rotator cuff repair
• Physical therapy
• Joint injections

Educational Disclaimer: This content is for patient education only and does not replace professional medical advice.